How people become attached to a nation, to the concept of a particular nation--how your nation can become a huge part of your identity, and just what your nation represents to you (ideals? comforts and conveniences?)--is a complex thing.
An admission: Shhh. Don't tell anyone, but basically...well...I'm an idiot. (What, you mean that's not a secret?) I'm an Ameri-Anglo-centric monoglot Midwest-born New Yorker Protestant white middle-class (lower-middle-class by Manhattan standards) male with a non-terminal academic degree. I've lived in only 3 of this republic's 50 states, and at the end of the day probably enjoy reading about the past slightly more than I enjoy interacting with even friends in the present. So, it's little wonder politics, current affairs, and lots of other things baffle me. I was intrigued, inexplicably annoyed, and baffled upon reading The New York Times' profile of Iraqi-American writer, Kanan Makiya. The profile's sub-title is, "Critic of Hussein Grapples With Horrors of Post-Invasion Iraq."
If I could speak with Mr. Makiya, I would ask him, "What is Iraq?" I'm too ignorant of the facts of Iraq's demographics and history to be able to understand just what Iraq has ever been beyond something of an accidental nation created mostly by administrators of the British Empire as their interest in the region arguably began to wane. I presume Iraq will fragment like Yugoslavia did. And here's all this effort to reshape it, tear it apart, or preserve this or that part of it, depending on which faction you're in--which is not to suggest that everyone in Iraq cares terribly one way or the other so long as daily life just starts to improve! I wouldn't know. But, as for those who do care, they leave me simply awed, I guess, by the investment in it. Maybe I'm just more temperamentally apathetic than I realize.
So, I admittedly don't understand it, but there seem to be Iraqis--middle- and upper-class Iraqis mostly, I assume, but not only such Iraqis (right?)--who genuinely have some form of nationalism in the best sense of the term--the 19th-century sense when nationalism and liberalism in Europe went hand-in-hand in contradistinction to forces like monarchism, conservatism, and [Roman Catholic] clericalism. (For more on that, hear the BBC Radio 4 In Our Time episode this week concerning Bismark.)
Still, I don't get it. I suppose maybe there's nothing more to "get" than there is anything to "get" about the Roman Empire or even Persia: they were, from a certain simplistic point of view, also just cobbled-together mixtures of tribes and groups. But somehow, especially for Rome, something emerged greater than the sum of its parts. Has that ever been the case for most Iraqis, that there's this concept of Iraq that looms in the mind as a greater source of identity than, say, Sunni, or Shia, or rich, or poor, or Kurdish, or Baathist, or secular, or something else? Of course.... But I still find it a bit mystifying.
(Postscript: check out this Iraq Culture Smart Card, a reference publication. Also, the flag shown above is the flag national adopted as of June 2004. The flag's been basically the same since 1963. Currently, the law of Iraq's official Kurdish region forbids the flying of not only the above flag, but any of the similar post-1963 designs.)